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Toughness is the strength with which the material opposes rupture. One definition of material toughness is the amount of energy per unit volume that a material can absorb before rupturing. This measure of toughness is different from that used for fracture toughness, which describes the capacity of materials to resist fracture. [2]
Hence, high-entropy alloys are a novel class of materials. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The term "high-entropy alloys" was coined by Taiwanese scientist Jien-Wei Yeh [ 3 ] because the entropy increase of mixing is substantially higher when there is a larger number of elements in the mix, and their proportions are more nearly equal. [ 4 ]
A single concrete block, as used for construction. Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. . Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material
GRC (Glass fibre-reinforced concrete) ceramic consists of high-strength, alkali-resistant glass fibre embedded in a concrete & ceramic matrix. [1] In this form, both fibres and matrix retain their physical and chemical identities, while offering a synergistic combination of properties that cannot be achieved with either of the components acting alone.
Elastocaloric materials are a class of advanced materials.These materials show a big change in temperature when mechanical stress is applied and then removed. This phenomenon, known as the elastocaloric effect, is the reversible thermal response of the material to mechanical loading and unloading.
The relative importance of the various alloying elements is calculated by finding the equivalent carbon content of the material. The fluid used for quenching the material influences the cooling rate due to varying thermal conductivities and specific heats. Substances like brine and water cool the steel much more quickly than oil or air. If the ...
The expression is mostly used in the context of materials science, metallurgy and engineering. The definition of which elements belong to this group differs. The most common definition includes five elements: two of the fifth period (niobium and molybdenum) and three of the sixth period (tantalum, tungsten, and rhenium).
It may be difficult to determine whether a given property is a material property or not. Color, for example, can be seen and measured; however, what one perceives as color is really an interpretation of the reflective properties of a surface and the light used to illuminate it.