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Retinal detachment is a condition where the retina pulls away from the tissue underneath it. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It may start in a small area, but without quick treatment, it can spread across the entire retina, leading to serious vision loss and possibly blindness . [ 4 ]
A tear in the retina can allow fluids from the eye to leak in behind the retina, which causes retinal detachment. When this occurs, blood from the retinal blood vessels can bleed into the vitreous. [4] Retinal tear accounts for 11.4–44% of vitreous hemorrhage cases. [1]
The risk of retinal detachment is the greatest in the first 6 weeks following a vitreous detachment, but can occur over 3 months after the event.. The risk of retinal tears and detachment associated with vitreous detachment is higher in patients with myopic retinal degeneration, lattice degeneration, and a familial or personal history of previous retinal tears/detachment.
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a disease that develops as a complication of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.PVR occurs in about 8–10% of patients undergoing primary retinal detachment surgery and prevents the successful surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Lattice degeneration is associated with retinal detachment, but the chance of developing retinal detachment if lattice degeneration exists is very low.. Lattice degeneration occurs in approximately 6–8% of the general population and in approximately 30% of phakic retinal detachments. [1]
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There are several modern treatment methods for fixing a retinal detachment: pneumatic retinopexy, scleral buckle, cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation and pars plana vitrectomy. Both hypertension and diabetes mellitus can cause damage to the tiny blood vessels that supply the retina, leading to hypertensive retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy.
Secondary constipation, which is due to another cause, such as chronic conditions, like Type 2 diabetes, poor dietary choices or neurological conditions that may impact intestinal motility.