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2. Tooth enamel - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_enamel

   The enamel on primary teeth has a more opaque crystalline form and thus appears whiter than on permanent teeth. The large amount of mineral in enamel accounts not only for its strength but also for its brittleness. [6] Tooth enamel ranks 5 on Mohs hardness scale (between steel and titanium) and has a Young's modulus of 83 GPa. [4] Dentin, less ...

3. Hard tissue - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_tissue

   Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body and contains the highest percentage of minerals, [3] 96%, with water and organic material composing the rest. [4] The primary mineral is hydroxyapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate. [5] Enamel is formed on the tooth while the tooth is developing within the gum, before it erupts into ...

4. Mineralized tissues - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralized_tissues

   Mineralized tissues are biological tissues that incorporate minerals into soft matrices. Typically these tissues form a protective shield or structural support. [1] Bone, mollusc shells, deep sea sponge Euplectella species, radiolarians, diatoms, antler bone, tendon, cartilage, tooth enamel and dentin are some examples of mineralized tissues ...

5. Hydroxyapatite - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyapatite

   Remineralisation of tooth enamel involves the reintroduction of mineral ions into demineralised enamel. [21] Hydroxyapatite is the main mineral component of enamel in teeth. [22] During demineralisation, calcium and phosphorus ions are drawn out from the hydroxyapatite.

6. Sodium monofluorophosphate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_monofluorophosphate

   Tooth enamel consists mostly of calcium hydroxyphosphate, Ca 5 (PO 4) 3 OH, also known as the mineral hydroxyapatite. Apatite is a hard, insoluble compound. Apatite is a hard, insoluble compound. Acid (H + ), produced especially after a high-sugar meal, attacks the apatite:

7. Apatite - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apatite

   Apatite is one of a few minerals produced and used by biological micro-environmental systems. [7] Hydroxyapatite, also known as hydroxylapatite, is the major component of tooth enamel and bone mineral.

8. Remineralisation of teeth - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remineralisation_of_teeth

   P11-4 is a self-assembling β-peptide. It builds a 3-D bio-matrix with binding sites for Calcium-ions serving as nucleation point for hydroxyapatite (tooth mineral) formation. The high affinity to tooth mineral is based on matching distances of Ca-ion binding sites on P11-4 and Ca spacing in the crystal lattice of hydroxyapatite.

9. List of minerals - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_minerals

   This is a list of minerals which have Wikipedia articles. Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species .