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In uncal herniation, a common subtype of transtentorial herniation, the innermost part of the temporal lobe, the uncus, can be squeezed so much that it moves towards the tentorium and puts pressure on the brainstem, most notably the midbrain. [8] The tentorium is a structure within the skull formed by the dura mater of the meninges.
Kernohan's notch is a cerebral peduncle indentation associated with some forms of transtentorial herniation (uncal herniation). [1] [2] It is a secondary condition caused by a primary injury on the opposite hemisphere of the brain. [3]
The free border of the tentorium is U-shaped; it forms an aperture - the tentorial notch (tentorial incisure) - which gives passage to the midbrain.The free border of each side extends anteriorly beyond the medial end of the superior petrosal sinus (i.e. the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone [citation needed]) to overlap the attached margin, thenceforth forming a ridge of dura ...
The tentorial notch is located between the tentorial edges and communicates the supratentorial and infratentorial spaces. This area can be divided into three spaces: anterior, middle (lateral to), and posterior to the brainstem.
Duret haemorrhages are haemorrhages secondary to raised intracranial pressure with formation of a transtentorial pressure cone involving the front part of the cerebral peduncles, the cerebral crura. Increased pressure above the tentorium may also involve other midbrain structures. [citation needed]
cerebral edema , transtentorial herination Cerebral contusion ( Latin : contusio cerebri ), a form of traumatic brain injury , is a bruise of the brain tissue. [ 2 ] Like bruises in other tissues, cerebral contusion can be associated with multiple micro hemorrhages , small blood vessel leaks into brain tissue.
Central (transtentorial) Cingulate (subfalcine) Transcalvarial; Infratentorial herniation; Upward (upward cerebellar or upward transtentorial) Tonsillar (downward cerebellar) Date: 16 September 2009: Source: Brain herniation types.svg by Delldot: Author: RupertMillard: SVG development
Various breathing abnormalities . Ataxic respirations are one of many unique respiration styles in an ill patient. There is an apparent controversy surrounding the novelty of ataxic respirations versus the well-known Cheyne-Stokes and cluster respirations, which Dr. Camille Biot deemed mutually exclusive. [3]