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The IGF axis has been shown to play roles in the promotion of cell proliferation and the inhibition of cell death . Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2, at times IGF-II) is thought to be a primary growth factor required for early development while IGF-1 expression is required for achieving maximal growth.
Low IGF-1 levels are shown to increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. [67] On the other hand, a high IGF-1 bioavailability in people with diabetes may delay or prevent diabetes-associated complications, as it improves impaired small blood vessel function. [67] IGF-1 has been characterized as an insulin sensitizer ...
IGF-2 exerts its effects by binding to the IGF-1 receptor and to the short isoform of the insulin receptor (IR-A or exon 11-). [9] IGF-2 may also bind to the IGF-2 receptor (also called the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor), which acts as a signalling antagonist; that is, to prevent IGF-2 responses.
The IGF-1 receptor seems to be the "physiologic" receptor—it binds IGF-1 at significantly higher affinity than it binds insulin. [9] Like the insulin receptor, the IGF-1 receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase—meaning it signals by causing the addition of a phosphate molecule on particular tyrosines.
Approximately 98% of IGF-1 is always bound to one of six binding proteins (IGF-BP). IGFBP-3, the most abundant protein, accounts for 80% of all IGF binding. IGF-1 binds to IGFBP-3 in a 1:1 molar ratio. IGF-BP also binds to IGF-1 inside the liver, allowing growth hormone to continuously act upon the liver to produce more IGF-1.
The Internet Governance Forum (IGF) is a multistakeholder governance group for policy dialogue on issues of Internet governance. [1] It brings together all stakeholders in the Internet governance debate, whether they represent governments, the private sector or civil society, including the technical and academic community, on an equal basis and through an open and inclusive process. [2]
3482 16004 Ensembl ENSG00000197081 ENSMUSG00000023830 UniProt P11717 Q07113 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000876 NM_010515 RefSeq (protein) NP_000867 NP_034645 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 159.97 – 160.11 Mb Chr 17: 12.9 – 12.99 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R), also called the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR) is a ...
The Independent Games Festival (IGF) is an annual festival at the Game Developers Conference (GDC), the largest annual gathering of the independent video game industry. [1] Originally founded in 1998 to promote independent video game developers , and innovation in video game development by CMP Media, [ 2 ] later known as UBM Technology Group ...