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The first two of these, const and volatile, are also present in C++, and are the only type qualifiers in C++. Thus in C++ the term " cv -qualified type" (for c onst and v olatile) is often used for "qualified type", while the terms " c -qualified type" and " v -qualified type" are used when only one of the qualifiers is relevant.
There are several loopholes to pure const-correctness in C and C++. They exist primarily for compatibility with existing code. The first, which applies only to C++, is the use of const_cast, which allows the programmer to strip the const qualifier, making any object modifiable. The necessity of stripping the qualifier arises when using existing ...
All logical operators exist in C and C++ and can be overloaded in C++, albeit the overloading of the logical AND and logical OR is discouraged, because as overloaded operators they behave as ordinary function calls, which means that both of their operands are evaluated, so they lose their well-used and expected short-circuit evaluation property ...
C++ enforces stricter typing rules (no implicit violations of the static type system [1]), and initialization requirements (compile-time enforcement that in-scope variables do not have initialization subverted) [7] than C, and so some valid C code is invalid in C++. A rationale for these is provided in Annex C.1 of the ISO C++ standard.
In the C programming language, restrict is a keyword, introduced by the C99 standard, [1] that can be used in pointer declarations. By adding this type qualifier, a programmer hints to the compiler that for the lifetime of the pointer, no other pointer will be used to access the object to which it points.
decltype is included in the C++ Language Standard since C++11. [12] It is provided by a number of compilers as an extension. Microsoft's Visual C++ 2010 and later compilers provide a decltype type specifier that closely mimics the semantics as described in the standards committee proposal. It can be used with both managed and native code. [10]
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In the C++ programming language, argument-dependent lookup (ADL), or argument-dependent name lookup, [1] applies to the lookup of an unqualified function name depending on the types of the arguments given to the function call. This behavior is also known as Koenig lookup, as it is often attributed to Andrew Koenig, though he is not its inventor ...