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Chinstrap penguin. Penguins are birds in the family Spheniscidae in the monotypic order Sphenisciformes. [1] They inhabit high-productivity marine habitats, almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere; the only species to occur north of the Equator is the Galapagos penguin.
Sphenisciformes (from the Latin for "wedge-shaped") is the taxonomic order to which the penguins belong. BirdLife International has assessed 18 species. 16 (89% of total species) have had their population estimated: those missing are the king and little penguins, both of which have been assessed as being of least concern. [1] [2]
Endangered (EN) species are considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. In December 2019, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 460 endangered avian species. [1] Of all evaluated avian species, 4% are listed as endangered. No subpopulations of birds have been evaluated by the IUCN.
Version 2014.2 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 4574 critically endangered species, subspecies, varieties, stocks, and subpopulations. For IUCN lists of critically endangered species by kingdom , see:
Galápagos penguins have a lifespan ranging from 15 to 20 years, but because of environmental factors and predation, their life expectancy is reduced. They are listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as Endangered. [3] Their mean population size from the years 1993-2003 was an average of 1,500. [16]
The African penguin joins the list of species said to be threatened by climate change - and overfishing. ... The African penguin is endangered. It's declined by more than 50 percent over the last ...
The Humboldt penguin population has dramatically decreased in areas along the central coast of Chile, making them one of the most vulnerable of the world's 18 penguin species and putting them at ...
The smallest penguin species is the little blue penguin (Eudyptula minor), also known as the fairy penguin, which stands around 30–33 cm (12–13 in) tall and weighs 1.2–1.3 kg (2.6–2.9 lb). [7] Today, larger penguins generally inhabit colder regions, and smaller penguins inhabit regions with temperate or tropical climates.