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  2. Monosaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide

    Most monosaccharides have the formula (CH 2 O) x (though not all molecules with this formula are monosaccharides). Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose), fructose (levulose), and galactose. Monosaccharides are the building blocks of disaccharides (such as sucrose, lactose and maltose) and polysaccharides (such as cellulose and ...

  3. Sucrose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose

    Sucrose is formed by plants, algae and cyanobacteria but not by other organisms. Sucrose is the end product of photosynthesis and is found naturally in many food plants along with the monosaccharide fructose. In many fruits, such as pineapple and apricot, sucrose is the main sugar. In others, such as grapes and pears, fructose is the main sugar.

  4. Sugar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 December 2024. Sweet-tasting, water-soluble carbohydrates This article is about the class of sweet-flavored substances used as food. For common table sugar, see Sucrose. For other uses, see Sugar (disambiguation). Sugars (clockwise from top-left): white refined, unrefined, unprocessed cane, brown Sugar ...

  5. Glucose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose

    Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6.It is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, [4] a subcategory of carbohydrates.It is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight.

  6. List of sugars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sugars

    Free sugar – all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to food and naturally present sugars in honey, syrups, and fruit juices (sugars inside cells, as in raw fruit, are not included) Fructose [1] – a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose

  7. Fructose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose

    Figure 4: Hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose by sucrase Figure 5: Intestinal sugar transport proteins. Fructose exists in foods either as a monosaccharide (free fructose) or as a unit of a disaccharide (sucrose). Free fructose is a ketonic simple sugar and one of the three dietary monosaccharides absorbed directly by the intestine.

  8. Galactose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galactose

    Galactose (/ ɡ ə ˈ l æ k t oʊ s /, galacto-+ -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose. [2] It is an aldohexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. [3] A galactose molecule linked with a glucose molecule forms a lactose molecule.

  9. Hexose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexose

    In chemistry, a hexose is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) with six carbon atoms. [1] [2] The chemical formula for all hexoses is C 6 H 12 O 6, and their molecular weight is 180.156 g/mol. [3] Hexoses exist in two forms, open-chain or cyclic, that easily convert into each other in aqueous solutions. [4]

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