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Sheet of synthetic rubber coming off the rolling mill at the plant of Goodrich (1941) World War II poster about synthetic rubber tires. Production of synthetic rubber in the United States expanded greatly during World War II since the Axis powers controlled nearly all the world's limited supplies of natural rubber by mid-1942, following the Japanese conquest of most of Asia, particularly in ...
Charles Goodyear (December 29, 1800 – July 1, 1860) was an American self-taught chemist [1] [2] and manufacturing engineer who developed vulcanized rubber, for which he received patent number 3633 from the United States Patent Office on June 15, 1844.
Expanded polystyrene, used for building insulation, packaging, and cups, is invented by Dow Chemical. [1] 1957: The Italian firm Montecatini begins large-scale commercial production of isotactic polypropylene. 1960s: High-density polyethylene bottles are introduced; they will replace glass bottles in most applications. [11] 1965
Fritz Hofmann (Friedrich Carl Albert) (2 November 1866 in Kölleda – 22 October 1956 in Hanover) was a German organic chemist who first synthesized synthetic rubber. Hofmann studied chemistry in Rostock. [1] On September 12, 1909, he filed a patent for the manufacture of the world's first synthetic rubber. [2]
The first synthetic polymer was invented in 1869 by John Wesley Hyatt. He created a substitute for ivory from elephant tusks, which was being used at the time to make billiard balls.
On December 11, 1935, he created Koroseal from salt, coke and limestone, a polymer that could be made in any consistency. [7] [8] Semon made more than 5,000 other synthetic rubber compounds, achieving success with Ameripol (AMERican POLymer) in 1940 for the B.F. Goodrich company. [9]
In April 1930, one of Carothers' staff, Dr. Arnold M. Collins, isolated chloroprene, a liquid which polymerized to produce a solid material that resembled rubber. This product was the first synthetic rubber and is known today as Neoprene. [18] [19]
Dr. Joseph Cecil Patrick (August 28, 1892 – April 12, 1965) invented Thiokol, America's first synthetic rubber in the early 1920s. [1] While seeking a formulation for automotive antifreeze, he attempted to hydrolyze ethylene dichloride with sodium polysulfide. In doing so, he produced a brown, insoluble gum that later became known as Thiokol.