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  2. Real image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_image

    In both diagrams, f is the focal point, O is the object, and I is the image. Solid blue lines indicate light rays. It can be seen that the image is formed by actual light rays and thus can form a visible image on a screen placed at the position of the image. An inverted real image of distant house, formed by a convex lens, is viewed directly ...

  3. Focal length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length

    For a thin lens in air, the focal length is the distance from the center of the lens to the principal foci (or focal points) of the lens.For a converging lens (for example a convex lens), the focal length is positive and is the distance at which a beam of collimated light will be focused to a single spot.

  4. Numerical aperture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_aperture

    In microscopy, NA is important because it indicates the resolving power of a lens. The size of the finest detail that can be resolved (the resolution) is proportional to ⁠ λ / 2NA ⁠, where λ is the wavelength of the light. A lens with a larger numerical aperture will be able to visualize finer details than a lens with a smaller numerical ...

  5. Thin lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_lens

    The distance between an image and a lens. Real image Virtual image f: The focal length of a lens. Converging lens Diverging lens y o: The height of an object from the optical axis. Erect object Inverted object y i: The height of an image from the optical axis Erect image Inverted image M T: The transverse magnification in imaging (= the ratio ...

  6. Lens (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(geometry)

    A lens contained between two circular arcs of radius R, and centers at O 1 and O 2. In 2-dimensional geometry, a lens is a convex region bounded by two circular arcs joined to each other at their endpoints. In order for this shape to be convex, both arcs must bow outwards (convex-convex). This shape can be formed as the intersection of two ...

  7. Virtual image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_image

    The magnification of the virtual image formed by the plane mirror is 1. Top: The formation of a virtual image using a diverging lens. Bottom: The formation of a virtual image using a convex mirror. In both diagrams, f is the focal point, O is the object, and I is the virtual image, shown in grey. Solid blue lines indicate (real) light rays and ...

  8. Lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens

    A lens with one convex and one concave side is convex-concave or meniscus. Convex-concave lenses are most commonly used in corrective lenses, since the shape minimizes some aberrations. For a biconvex or plano-convex lens in a lower-index medium, a collimated beam of light passing through the lens converges to a spot (a focus) behind

  9. Geometrical optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical_optics

    Incoming parallel rays are focused by a convex lens into an inverted real image one focal length from the lens, on the far side of the lens. Rays from an object at finite distance are focused further from the lens than the focal distance; the closer the object is to the lens, the further the image is from the lens.