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Magnetotactic bacterial magnetite crystals have been used in studies of magnetic domain analysis and in many commercial applications including: the immobilisation of enzymes; the formation of magnetic antibodies, and the quantification of immunoglobulin G; the detection and removal of Escherichia coli cells with a fluorescein isothiocyanate ...
Ferrite nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles (iron oxides in crystal structure of maghemite or magnetite) are the most explored magnetic nanoparticles up to date.Once the ferrite particles become smaller than 128 nm [22] they become superparamagnetic which prevents self agglomeration since they exhibit their magnetic behavior only when an external magnetic field is applied.
One use is in water purification: in high gradient magnetic separation, magnetite nanoparticles introduced into contaminated water will bind to the suspended particles (solids, bacteria, or plankton, for example) and settle to the bottom of the fluid, allowing the contaminants to be removed and the magnetite particles to be recycled and reused ...
The magnetic attraction of tiny nanoparticles is weak enough that the surfactant's Van der Waals force is sufficient to prevent magnetic clumping or agglomeration. Ferrofluids usually do not retain magnetization in the absence of an externally applied field and thus are often classified as " superparamagnets " rather than ferromagnets.
Magnetic droplets, in the context of droplet-based microfluidics, are microliter size droplets that are either composed of ferrofluids or contain some magnetic component that allows for manipulation via an applied magnetic field. Ferrofluids are homogenous mixtures of colloidal solutions of magnetic nanoparticles in a liquid carrier. [80]
A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. [1] [2] The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol, [3] and oil.
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These Janus nanoparticles were then functionalized by the addition of various ligands with specific affinity for either the iron or silver. [30] This method can also use gold or iron-platinum instead of magnetite. [3] A similar method is the gas–liquid interface method developed by Pradhan et al. In this method, hydrophobic alkane thiolate ...