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The Ottoman cavalry sabre, or kilij (Ottoman Turkish: قلج, romanized: kılıc, Ottoman Turkish pronunciation: [/cɯlɯtʃ/]), is the Ottoman variant of the Turko-Mongol sabres originating in Central Asia. It was designed for mounted close combat, which was preferred by Turkish and Mamluke troops.
The miquelet lock, in all varieties, was common for several centuries in the countries surrounding the Mediterranean, particularly in Spain, Italy, the Balkans, and Ottoman domains including the coastal states of North Africa. The type of musket would be described as a Kabyle snaphance or a Kabyle miquelet. [2]
Early German musket with serpentine lock. A matchlock or firelock [1] is a historical type of firearm wherein the gunpowder is ignited by a burning piece of flammable cord or twine that is in contact with the gunpowder through a mechanism that the musketeer activates by pulling a lever or trigger with their finger.
The firing mechanism was typically either a matchlock or a flintlock. Since flintlock mechanisms were complex and difficult to manufacture, many jezails used the lock mechanism from captured or broken Brown Bess muskets. The stocks were handmade and ornately decorated, featuring a distinctive curve which is not seen in the stocks of other muskets.
The exact dating of the matchlock's appearance is disputed. It could have appeared in the Ottoman Empire as early as 1465 and in Europe a little before 1475. [4] The heavy arquebus, which was then called a musket, was developed to better penetrate plate armor and appeared in Europe around 1521. [5]
The cast-bronze Dardanelles Gun from 1464 The Ottoman Janissary corps were using matchlock muskets since the 1440s. They are depicted battling the Knights Hospitaller in this 1522 painting. The Ottoman Empire in the 16th century was known for their military power throughout southern Europe and the Middle East.
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