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The Thirteen Years' War (Polish: wojna trzynastoletnia; German: Dreizehnjähriger Krieg), also called the War of the Cities, was a conflict fought in 1454–1466 between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order.
The Battle for Kneiphof lasted for 14 weeks and ended with the greatest success of the Teutonic Order during the Thirteen Years' War – the permanent seizure of a large urban center controlling the trade routes of Lower Prussia and Samland. The Order also regained access to the Baltic Sea. [67]
Prussian Confederation offered to incorporate Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland, 1454, Polish Central Archives of Historical Records The Prussian Confederation (German: Preußischer Bund, Polish: Związek Pruski) was an organization formed on 21 February 1440 at Marienwerder (present-day Kwidzyn) by a group of 53 nobles and clergy and 19 cities in Prussia, to oppose the arbitrariness of the ...
The German Empire consisted of 25 states: four kingdoms, six grand duchies, five duchies, seven principalities and three Hanseatic cities.In addition, the house order of the Hohenzollern principalities, although the states themselves had been annexed by Prussia, continued to be awarded in the imperial era.
Thirteen years of attrition warfare ended in October 1466 with the Second Peace of Thorn (1466), which provided for the Order's cession to the Polish Crown of its rights over Pomerelia, and the western half of Prussia, including the districts of Elbląg and Malbork (Marienburg).
Teutonic Order. Golden Horde. Principality of Moldavia Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Sigismund's supporters) Kingdom of Poland. Orphans (Hussite mercenaries) Švitrigaila's defeat [42] Švitrigaila withdraws to Moldavia (1438) [43] 1454–1466: Thirteen Years' War [44] Part of the Polish–Teutonic Wars. Location: Pomerelia, Prussia, Baltic Sea
Fighting in the Thirteen Years War of 1454-1466 and the Polish-Teutonic War (1519-1521) ended with an armistice. A year later in 1522, Albert, also the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and a member of the Royal dynasty of the House of Hohenzollern , became a Protestant , as did many other members of the Teutonic Order and Prussian nobles at ...
At the beginning of the Thirteen Years' War, the mercenary forces recruited by the Order were paid advance payments. [10] Deprived of income from the 56 Prussian towns, which rebelled against the Grand Master or were seized by the insurgents in the spring of 1454, the Order was unable to promptly settle its debts to the mercenaries. [4]