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Howard Saul Becker (April 18, 1928 – August 16, 2023) was an American sociologist who taught at Northwestern University.Becker made contributions to the sociology of deviance, sociology of art, and sociology of music. [2]
Becker believed that "social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance". [ 18 ] Labeling is a process of social reaction by the "social audience," wherein people stereotype others, judging and accordingly defining (labeling) someone's behavior as deviant or otherwise.
Lemert’s work emphasized how societal reactions to deviance can reinforce and escalate it, shaping an individual’s identity as deviant. Lemert's popular books, such as "Social Pathology" (1951) and "Human Deviance, Social Problems, and Social Control" (1967), have had a lasting impact on criminology and sociology. [11]
The term moral entrepreneur was coined by sociologist Howard S. Becker in Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance (1963) in order to help explore the relationship between law and morality, as well as to explain how deviant social categories become defined and entrenched. [1]
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Pages in category "Deviance (sociology)" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Certainly, "Labeling" does relate to "Deviancy"; however, I would rather suggest merging the wikipedia topics "Labeling" with 'Labeling Theory," as well as "Deviant Behavior" with "Deviance (sociology)." (By the way, both wikipedia topics for "Deviancy" have poor descriptions for "labeling" as a sub-discipline.)
The most prevalent theory as it relates to primary deviance was developed in the early 1960s by a group of sociologists and was titled "labeling theory". The labeling theory is a variant of symbolic interactionism. Symbolic interactionism is "a theoretical approach in sociology developed by George Herbert Mead.