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Eosinophilia is a condition in which the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood exceeds 5 × 10 8 /L (500/μL). [1] Hypereosinophilia is an elevation in an individual's circulating blood eosinophil count above 1.5 × 10 9 / L (i.e. 1,500/ μL ).
Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a disease characterized by a persistently elevated eosinophil count (≥ 1500 eosinophils/mm³) in the blood for at least six months without any recognizable cause, with involvement of either the heart, nervous system, or bone marrow. [5]
Eosinopenia is associated with several disease states and conditions, including inflammation and sepsis, endogenous catecholamines, and use of glucocorticoids. [1] There are also medications that deliberately target eosinophils in order to treat eosinophil-mediated diseases, causing drug-induced eosinopenia. [8]
Eosinophils are responsible for tissue damage and inflammation in many diseases, including asthma. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] High levels of interleukin-5 has been observed to up regulate the expression of adhesion molecules, which then facilitate the adhesion of eosinophils to endothelial cells, thereby causing inflammation and tissue damage.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is characterized by papulonodular lesions on the head and neck that are violaceous or erythematous. [5] Lesions on the genital area, upper limbs, and trunk are uncommon. The lesions could be painful, pruriginous, or asymptomatic. Peripheral eosinophilia and lymphadenomegaly could be present. [6]
Peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE are usual but not universal. The damage to the gastrointestinal tract wall is caused by eosinophilic infiltration and degranulation. [15] As a part of host defense mechanism, eosinophils are normally present in gastrointestinal mucosa, though the finding in deeper tissue is almost always ...
Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is a rare syndrome characterised by pulmonary interstitial infiltrates and marked peripheral eosinophilia. [2] This condition is more widely recognised and promptly diagnosed in filariasis-endemic regions, such as the Indian subcontinent, Africa, Asia and South America.
Eosinophilic fasciitis (/ ˌ iː ə ˌ s ɪ n ə ˈ f ɪ l ɪ k ˌ f æ ʃ i ˈ aɪ t ɪ s, ˌ iː oʊ-,-ˌ f æ s i-/ [2] [3]), also known as Shulman's syndrome, [4] is an inflammatory disease that affects the fascia, other connective tissues, surrounding muscles, blood vessels and nerves.