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The industrial term for jute fiber is raw jute. The fibers are off-white to brown and range from 1–4 meters (3.3–13.1 ft) long. In Bangladesh, jute is called the "golden fiber" for its color and monetary value. [2] The bulk of the jute trade is centered in South Asia, with India and Bangladesh as the primary producers.
The fibres in kenaf are found in the bast (bark) and core (wood). The bast constitutes 40% of the plant. "Crude fibre" separated from the bast is multi-cellular, consisting of several individual cells stuck together. [6] The individual fibre cells are about 2–6 mm long and slender. The cell wall is thick (6.3 μm).
Jute fiber being dried in sunlight after natural or microbial retting. Retting is the process of extracting fibers from the tough stem or bast of the bast fiber plants. The available retting processes are: mechanical retting (hammering), chemical retting (boiling & applying chemicals), steam/vapor/dew retting, and water or microbial retting.
Bast fiber from oak trees forms the oldest preserved woven fabrics in the world. It was unearthed at the archeological site at Çatalhöyük in Turkey and dates to 8000-9000 years ago. [5] Dress of unspecified bast fibre, Yuracaré, Rio Chimoré, Bolivia 1908–1909. Cycling suit of linen bast fiber, New York, New York, United States, 1908
The plant stalk is cut and then processed by pulling up, rippling, partial retting, breaking, spinning and combing to obtain fine fibres that are well separated from unwanted woody material. Afterwards the fibres are cured and dried. Many textiles are made of jute, such as yarn, twine, sacking, carpet backing cloth and other blended textiles ...
Abacá banana leaf fibres drying Abacá banana leaf fibres drying Bast fiber: Bast fibers are collected from the outer cell layers of the plant's stem. These fibers are used for durable yarn, fabric, packaging, and paper. Some examples are flax, jute, kenaf, industrial hemp, ramie, rattan, and vine fibers. [9] A field of jute Fruit fiber
Hessian (UK: / ˈ h ɛ s i ə n /, US: / ˈ h ɛ ʃ ə n / [1]), burlap in North America, [2] or crocus in Jamaica [3] and the wider Caribbean, is a woven fabric made of vegetable fibres, usually the skin of the jute plant [4] [5] [6] or sisal leaves. [7]
Corchorus capsularis (also known as patsun), commonly known as white jute, [2] is a shrub species in the family Malvaceae. It is one of the sources of jute fibre, considered to be of finer quality than fibre from Corchorus olitorius, the main source of jute. The leaves are used as a foodstuff and the leaves, unripe fruit and the roots are used ...