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The industrial term for jute fiber is raw jute. The fibers are off-white to brown and range from 1–4 meters (3.3–13.1 ft) long. In Bangladesh, jute is called the "golden fiber" for its color and monetary value. [2] The bulk of the jute trade is centered in South Asia, with India and Bangladesh as the primary producers.
Bast fiber from oak trees forms the oldest preserved woven fabrics in the world. It was unearthed at the archeological site at Çatalhöyük in Turkey and dates to 8000-9000 years ago. [5] Dress of unspecified bast fibre, Yuracaré, Rio Chimoré, Bolivia 1908–1909. Cycling suit of linen bast fiber, New York, New York, United States, 1908
Jute fiber being dried in sunlight after natural or microbial retting. Retting is the process of extracting fibers from the tough stem or bast of the bast fiber plants. The available retting processes are: mechanical retting (hammering), chemical retting (boiling & applying chemicals), steam/vapor/dew retting, and water or microbial retting.
Corchorus is a genus of about 40–100 species of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. [1]Different common names are used in different contexts, with jute applying to the fiber produced from the plant, and jute mallow leaves for the leaves used as a vegetable.
Corchorus capsularis (also known as patsun), commonly known as white jute, [2] is a shrub species in the family Malvaceae. It is one of the sources of jute fibre, considered to be of finer quality than fibre from Corchorus olitorius, the main source of jute. The leaves are used as a foodstuff and the leaves, unripe fruit and the roots are used ...
Hessian (UK: / ˈ h ɛ s i ə n /, US: / ˈ h ɛ ʃ ə n / [1]), burlap in North America, [2] or crocus in Jamaica [3] and the wider Caribbean, is a woven fabric made of vegetable fibres, usually the skin of the jute plant [4] [5] [6] or sisal leaves. [7]
Bast fiber: Bast fibers are collected from the outer cell layers of the plant's stem. These fibers are used for durable yarn, fabric, packaging, and paper. Some examples are flax, jute, kenaf, industrial hemp, ramie, rattan, and vine fibers. [9] A field of jute Fruit fiber: Fibers collected from the fruit of the plant, for example, coconut fiber .
The kenaf fiber needs to be treated properly to remove the lignin. The tensile strength of the kenaf fiber is about 800 MPa, which makes it suitable natural fiber in engineering applications. [8] The core is about 60% of the plant and has fibre cells that are thick (≈38 μm) but short (0.5 mm) and thin-walled (3 μm). [9]