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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. Multi-spool spinning frame Model of spinning jenny in the Museum of Early Industrialisation, Wuppertal, Germany. The spinning jenny is a multi- spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialisation of textile manufacturing during the early Industrial ...
Samuel Crompton of Bolton combined elements of the spinning jenny and water frame in 1779, creating the spinning mule. This mule produced a stronger thread than the water frame could. Thus in 1780, there were two viable hand-operated spinning systems that could be easily adapted to run by power of water. [12]
A drawing of Thomas Highs' spinning jenny, taken from Edward Baines's History of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain. Thomas Highs (1718–1803), of Leigh, Lancashire, was a reed-maker [1] [2] and manufacturer of cotton carding and spinning engines in the 1780s, during the Industrial Revolution.
In 1764, in the village of Stanhill, Lancashire, James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny, which he patented in 1770. It was the first practical spinning frame with multiple spindles. [50] The jenny worked in a similar manner to the spinning wheel, by first clamping down on the fibres, then by drawing them out, followed by twisting. [51]
His father taught him about carding and spinning. In 1785, he purchased several spinning machines that had been developed by James Hargreaves. Hargreaves' machine, called the spinning jenny, was the first wholly successful improvement on the traditional spinning wheel.
The improved spinning jenny that was used in textile mills Model of the spinning jenny in a museum in Wuppertal, Germany. The idea for the spinning jenny is said to have come when a one-thread spinning wheel was overturned on the floor, and Hargreaves saw both the wheel and the spindle continuing to revolve.
In the late 18th century, the English textile industry had adopted the spinning jenny, water frame, and spinning mule which greatly improved the efficiency and quality of textile manufacture, but were closely guarded by the British government which forbade their export or the emigration of those who were familiar with the technology.
Richard Arkwright employed John Kay to produce a new spinning machine that Kay had worked on with (or possibly stolen from) another inventor named Thomas Highs. [2] With the help of other local craftsmen, including Peter Atherton, the team developed the spinning frame, which produced a stronger thread than the spinning jenny invented by James Hargreaves. [3]