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The precise equivalence between calories and joules has varied over the years, but in thermochemistry and nutrition it is now generally assumed that one (small) calorie (thermochemical calorie) is equal to exactly 4.184 J, and therefore one kilocalorie (one large calorie) is 4184 J or 4.184 kJ.
Alternatively, it is the heat capacity of a sample of the substance divided by the amount of substance of the sample; or also the specific heat capacity of the substance times its molar mass. The SI unit of molar heat capacity is joule per kelvin per mole , J⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1 .
For thermochemistry a calorie of 4.184 J is used, but other calories have also been defined, such as the International Steam Table calorie of 4.1868 J. In many regions, food energy is measured in large calories (a large calory is a kilocalory, equal to 1000 calories), sometimes written capitalized as Calories. In the European Union, food energy ...
the small calorie (gram-calorie, cal) is 4.184 J exactly. It was originally defined so that the specific heat capacity of liquid water would be 1 cal/(°C⋅g). The grand calorie (kilocalorie, kilogram-calorie, food calorie, kcal, Cal) is 1000 small calories, 4184 J exactly. It was defined so that the specific heat capacity of water would be 1 ...
Note that this formula (equivalent to Newton's law of heat flow) is analogous to, and much older than, Ohm's law of electric flow: ΔV = R dQ / dt = RI. When suddenly heat is absorbed by the sample (e.g., when the sample melts), the signal will respond and exhibit a peak. = + (,)
What Should My Calorie Intake Be? As for how to do a calorie deficit, around 500 to 750 calories below your estimated needs is typically recommended as a healthy calorie deficit for weight loss.
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Energy analysts accustomed to the metric "k" ('kilo-') for 1,000 are more likely to use MBtu to represent one million, especially in documents where M represents one million in other energy or cost units, such as MW, MWh and $. [15] The unit 'therm' is used to represent 100,000 Btu. [12] A decatherm is 10 therms or one million Btu.