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20th-century Jingdezhen ware, with factory mark: 中国景德镇 ("China Jingdezhen") and MADE IN CHINA in English. A factory mark is a marking affixed by manufacturers on their productions in order to authenticate them. Numerous factory marks are known throughout the ages, and are essential in determining the provenance or dating of productions.
Ming "sacrificial ware" copper-red dish with the reign mark of Xuande (1426–1435); the colour the Kangxi potters were trying to achieve. Sang de boeuf glaze was apparently developed around 1705–1712 in an attempt to recover the lost "sacrificial red" glaze of the Xuande reign (1426–35) of the Ming dynasty. [8]
A selection of falangcai porcelains Bowl with peacock in falangcai painted enamels, Yongzheng reign. National Palace Museum. The origin of famille rose is not entirely clear. It is believed that this colour palette was introduced to the Imperial court in China by Jesuits, achieved through the use of purple of Cassius, initially on enamels used on metal wares such as cloisonné produced in the ...
A single Chelsea porcelain plate survives in the British Museum, which has a transfer-printed design and the "raised anchor" form of the Chelsea mark, indicating a date between 1750 and 1752. A Swiss enamel artist also records seeing printing being done at an unidentified factory near to (but different from) the Chelsea works, during a visit to ...
"Botanical" red anchor plate with spray of fruiting Indian bean tree, c. 1755. The factory history, before the merger with Derby, can be divided into four main periods, named for the identifying marks under the wares, although the changes in marks do not exactly coincide with changes in materials or style.
Lustreware or lusterware (the respective spellings for British English and American English) is a type of pottery or porcelain with a metallic glaze that gives the effect of iridescence. It is produced by metallic oxides in an overglaze finish, which is given a second firing at a lower temperature in a "muffle kiln", or a reduction kiln ...
Red-mark period tea cup and saucer Puce-mark period cup and saucer. Rockingham porcelain was produced in two distinct periods: 1826–1830, the so-called red-mark period, [7] and 1831–1842, the puce-mark period. [8] As their names suggest, these periods are defined by the backstamps found on porcelain.
[1] [2] Famille verte porcelain was produced mainly during the Kangxi era, while famille rose porcelain was popular in the 18th and 19th century. Much of the Chinese production was Jingdezhen porcelain, and a large proportion were made for export to the West, but some of the finest were made for the Imperial court.