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Philip and Mary sixpence, 1554 Mary shilling. The weather during the years of Mary's reign was consistently wet. The persistent rain and flooding led to famine. [152] Another problem was the decline of the Antwerp cloth trade. [153] Despite Mary's marriage to Philip, England did not benefit from Spain's enormously lucrative trade with the New ...
Mary, if Philip died before her, would enjoy a dowry or jointure income from Spanish lands and territories including Brabant, Flanders, Hainault and Holland. Margaret of York had the same jointure in 1468. Possibly, the final articles would include a contract preventing Philip appointing foreigners to English offices.
Although it can be argued this English action was the result of Philip's Treaty of Joinville with the Catholic League of France, Philip considered it an act of war by England. The execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1587 ended Philip's hopes of placing a Catholic on the English throne.
Mary Stuart 1605–1607: Sophia Stuart 1606 of England: Louis XIII 1601–1643 King of France: House of Hanover: Charles Duke of Cornwall 1629: King Charles II 1630–1685 r. 1649–1651 r. 1660–1685 (Scotland) r. 1660–1685 (England) Catherine of Braganza 1638–1705 Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland: William II 1626–1650 Prince of ...
The English royal consorts listed here were the spouses of the reigning monarchs of the Kingdom of England, excluding the joint rulers, Mary I and Philip who reigned together in the 16th century, and William III and Mary II who reigned together in the 17th century.
The House of Plantagenet takes its name from Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, husband of Empress Matilda and father of Henry II. The name Plantagenet itself was unknown as a family name per se until Richard of York adopted it as his family name in the 15th century. It has since been retroactively applied to English monarchs from Henry II ...
It is the ancestral home of the Sidney family, and was the birthplace of the great Elizabethan poets and courtiers, siblings Mary Sidney and Philip Sidney. The original medieval house is one of the most complete surviving examples of 14th-century domestic architecture in England. Part of the house and its gardens are open for public viewing.
By the 1550s, England was ruled by Mary I of England and her husband Philip II of Spain. When the Kingdom of England supported a Spanish invasion of France, Henry II of France sent Francis, Duke of Guise, against English-held Calais, defended by Thomas Wentworth, 2nd Baron Wentworth.