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Volcanic gases are gases given off by active (or, at times, by dormant) volcanoes. These include gases trapped in cavities ( vesicles ) in volcanic rocks , dissolved or dissociated gases in magma and lava , or gases emanating from lava, from volcanic craters or vents.
Vog is created when volcanic gases (primarily oxides of sulfur) react with sunlight, oxygen and moisture.The result includes sulfuric acid and other sulfates. [4] Vog is made up of a mixture of gases and aerosols which makes it hard to study and potentially more dangerous than either on their own.
This list is sorted by boiling point of gases in ascending order, but can be sorted on different values. "sub" and "triple" refer to the sublimation point and the triple point, which are given in the case of a substance that sublimes at 1 atm; "dec" refers to decomposition. "~" means approximately. Blue type items have an article available by ...
A volcano is commonly defined as a vent or fissure in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
The chemical reactions that form smog following a volcanic eruption are different than the reactions that form photochemical smog. The term smog encompasses the effect when a large number of gas-phase molecules and particulate matter are emitted to the atmosphere, creating a visible haze. The event causing a large number of emissions can vary ...
The principal gases released during volcanic activity are water, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride. [12] The sulfur and halogen gases and metals are removed from the atmosphere by processes of chemical reaction, dry and wet deposition, and by adsorption onto the surface of volcanic ...
Volcanic gases also rely on the composition of magma in the chamber of the volcano and gas separation processes before the point of eruption. [1] Taylor bubbles, named after G. I. Taylor, refer to elongated gas bubbles in a liquid flow of a system. Taylor bubbles are distinctly "bullet shaped" and are involved in fluid dynamics. [2]
Increased gas emissions, and more particularly changes in gas compositions, may signal an impending volcanic eruption. [3] Temperature changes are monitored using thermometers and observing changes in thermal properties of volcanic lakes and vents, which may indicate upcoming activity. [5]