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The superior tarsus (tarsus superior; superior tarsal plate), the larger, is of a semilunar form, about 10 mm (0.4 in) in breadth at the center, and gradually narrowing toward its extremities. It is adjoined by the superior tarsal muscle. To the anterior surface of this plate the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris is attached.
Meibomian gland dysfunction is more often seen in women and is regarded as the main cause of dry eye disease. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] Factors that contribute to meibomian gland dysfunction can include things such as a person's age and/or hormones, [ 16 ] or severe infestation of Demodex brevis mite.
Dogs have ear mobility that allows them to rapidly pinpoint the exact location of a sound. Eighteen or more muscles can tilt, rotate, raise, or lower a dog's ear. A dog can identify a sound's location much faster than a human can, as well as hear sounds at four times the distance. [41] Dogs can lose their hearing from age or an ear infection. [42]
Tarsus (skeleton), a cluster of articulating bones in each foot; Hock (anatomy), the region formed by the tarsal bones connecting the tibia and metatarsus of a digitigrade or unguligrade quadrupedal mammal; Tarsus (eyelids), elongated plate of dense connective tissue in each eyelid; The distal segment of an arthropod leg – see Arthropod tarsus
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Miller died in 1960, and the first edition of The Anatomy of the Dog was published posthumously in 1964, [1] with George C. Christensen and Howard E. Evans as co-authors. [2] Evans and Christensen also co-authored the second edition, published in 1979, retitled as Miller's Anatomy of the Dog. [3]
The levator palpebrae superioris receives motor innervation from the superior division of the oculomotor nerve. [1] [2] [3] The smooth muscle that originates from its undersurface, called the superior tarsal muscle is innervated by postganglionic sympathetic axons from the superior cervical ganglion.
In the anatomy of humans and many other mammals, the tibiotarsal joint is the joint between the tibia and the tarsus. [1] [2] In avian anatomy, it is the equivalent of the ankle. [3] In equine veterinary science, synovial distension of the tibiotarsal joint in the horse is known as bog spavin.