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Dimethylformamide, DMF is an organic compound with the chemical formula H C O N(CH 3) 2. Its structure is HC(=O)−N( −CH 3 ) 2 . Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran , or dimethyl fumarate ), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids.
The name "seesaw" comes from the observation that it looks like a playground seesaw. Most commonly, four bonds to a central atom result in tetrahedral or, less commonly, square planar geometry. The seesaw geometry occurs when a molecule has a steric number of 5, with the central atom being bonded to 4 other atoms and 1 lone pair (AX 4 E 1 in ...
A molecule is composed of one or more chemical bonds between molecular orbitals of different atoms. A molecule may be polar either as a result of polar bonds due to differences in electronegativity as described above, or as a result of an asymmetric arrangement of nonpolar covalent bonds and non-bonding pairs of electrons known as a full ...
A classic example of a fluxional molecule is dimethylformamide (DMF). [15] At temperatures near 100 °C, the 500 MHz 1 H NMR spectrum of DMF shows only one signal for the methyl groups. Near room temperature, however, separate signals are seen for the non-equivalent methyl groups.
A dipole-induced dipole interaction (Debye force) is due to the approach of a molecule with a permanent dipole to another non-polar molecule with no permanent dipole. This approach causes the electrons of the non-polar molecule to be polarized toward or away from the dipole (or "induce" a dipole) of the approaching molecule. [13]
The methods by which one can determine the structure of a molecule is called structural elucidation.These methods include: concerning only connectivity of the atoms: spectroscopies such as nuclear magnetic resonance (proton and carbon-13 NMR), and various methods of mass spectrometry (to give overall molecular mass, as well as fragment masses).
Other molecules have a tetrahedral arrangement of electron pairs around a central atom; for example ammonia (NH 3) with the nitrogen atom surrounded by three hydrogens and one lone pair. However the usual classification considers only the bonded atoms and not the lone pair, so that ammonia is actually considered as pyramidal. The H–N–H ...
Certain atoms, such as oxygen, will almost always set their two (or more) covalent bonds in non-collinear directions due to their electron configuration. Water (H 2 O) is an example of a bent molecule, as well as its analogues. The bond angle between the two hydrogen atoms is approximately 104.45°. [1]