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The distances between the dens and surrounding structures are also key features that can suggest the diagnosis, with the normal distance between the dens and basion (i.e., dens–basion interval; BDI) measuring less than 9 mm on CT, and the distance between the atlas and dens (i.e., atlas–dens interval; ADI) measuring less than 3 mm on CT, although this can be increased in cases of ...
The median atlanto-axial joint is sometimes considered a triple joint: [3] one between the posterior surface of the anterior arch of atlas and the front of the odontoid process; one between the anterior surface of the ligament and the back of the odontoid process; The lateral atlantoaxial joint involves the lateral mass of atlas and axis. [4]
It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial joint instability, Chiari malformation, [3] or tethered spinal cord syndrome. The condition can be brought on by physical trauma , including whiplash , laxity of the ligaments surrounding the joint, or other damage to the surrounding connective tissue.
Once the misalignment is understood by the doctor, there is no need for further x-rays because correlating the relationship between posture and upper cervical misalignment allows posture to then be used thereafter to judge alignment. Additionally, there is often less need for repeated corrections because of the specific x-ray measurements. [1]
Age. The risk of most causes of joint pain increases with age. This may be due to increased wear and stress on joints over time and a higher likelihood of other underlying medical conditions ...
The cruciate ligament of the atlas (cruciform ligament) is a cross-shaped (thus the name) ligament in the neck forming part of the atlanto-axial joint. It consists of the transverse ligament of atlas, a superior longitudinal band, and an inferior longitudinal band. The cruciate ligament of the atlas prevents abnormal movement of the atlanto ...
The history of the atlas "invites the contemplation of how doctors and medical scientists and anatomists are related to a regime," said Sari J. Siegel, who heads the Center for Medicine, Holocaust ...
The treatment options vary since there are numerous causes of cervicocranial syndrome. General treatments include: Pressure release via realignment of the vertebrae; Pain medication: acetominophen, aspirin, or ibuprofen; Manipulation of neck by chiropractor: For example, vertigo symptoms can be relieved [25]