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The same 1,000 lumens, spread out over ten square metres, produces a dimmer illuminance of only 100 lux. In equation form, 1 lx = 1 lm/m 2. A source radiating a power of one watt of light in the color for which the eye is most efficient (a wavelength of 555 nm, in the green region of the optical spectrum) has luminous flux of 683 lumens.
The watt-second is a unit of energy, equal to the joule. One kilowatt hour is 3,600,000 watt seconds. One kilowatt hour is 3,600,000 watt seconds. While a watt per hour is a unit of rate of change of power with time, [ iii ] it is not correct to refer to a watt (or watt-hour) as a watt per hour.
One lux is equal to one lumen per square metre: 1 lx = 1 lm/m 2 = 1 cd·sr/m 2. A flux of 1000 lumens, spread uniformly over an area of 1 square metre, lights up that square metre with an illuminance of 1000 lux. However, the same 1000 lumens spread out over 10 square metres produces a dimmer illuminance of only 100 lux.
One foot-candle is equal to approximately 10.764 lux. In many practical applications, as when measuring room illumination, it is often not needed to measure illuminance more accurately than ±10%; in these situations it is sufficient to think of one foot-candle as about ten lux.
The Germans, however, dissented and decided to use a definition equal to 9/10 of the output of a Hefner lamp. In 1921, the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (International Commission for Illumination, commonly referred to as the CIE) redefined the international candle again in terms of a carbon filament incandescent lamp .
Luminous efficacy can be normalized by the maximum possible luminous efficacy to a dimensionless quantity called luminous efficiency.The distinction between efficacy and efficiency is not always carefully maintained in published sources, so it is not uncommon to see "efficiencies" expressed in lumens per watt, or "efficacies" expressed as a percentage.
Luminous flux (in lumens) is a measure of the total amount of light a lamp puts out. The luminous intensity (in candelas) is a measure of how bright the beam in a particular direction is. If a lamp has a 1 lumen bulb and the optics of the lamp are set up to focus the light evenly into a 1 steradian beam, then the beam would have a luminous ...
In SI units illuminance is measured in lux (lx), or equivalently in lumens per square metre (lm·m −2). [2] Luminous exitance is measured in lm·m −2 only, not lux. [ 4 ] In the CGS system, the unit of illuminance is the phot , which is equal to 10 000 lux .