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Unlike humans, the sex and physical appearance of fruit flies is not influenced by hormones. [16] The appearance and sex of fruit flies is determined only by genetic information. [16] Female fruit flies are substantially larger than male fruit flies, with females having bodies that are up to 30% larger than an adult male. [17] [18]
Phorid flies are found worldwide, though the greatest variety of species is to be found in the tropics. The Phoridae show the greatest diversity of all the dipterous families. Larvae are found in the nests of social insects and in some aquatic habitats, in organic detritus such as dung, carrion, insect frass, and dead snails. Some are synanthropic.
In general, gnats go through the four life stages of egg, larva, pupa and adult, [6] similar to other flies. The fungus gnats lay their eggs in moist organic debris or soil, which hatch into larvae. The larvae feed on organic matter such as leaf mold, mulch, compost, grass clippings, root hairs and fungi.
The Drosophilidae are a diverse, cosmopolitan family of flies, which includes species called fruit flies, although they are more accurately referred to as vinegar or pomace flies. [1] Another distantly related family of flies, Tephritidae , are true fruit flies because they are frugivorous, and include apple maggot flies and many pests.
A: Female fly B: Eggs removed from apple C: Egg punctures in skin of apple D: Eggs in normal position in apple E: Larva, nearly fully grown F: Pupae. Eggs are fusiform and pearly white when laid in fruit, but after a short period of time in the fruit, they turn a cream color. Developing larvae can be clearly seen within the translucent eggs. [1]
They are fairly large flies, nearly twice the size of the housefly, with a metallic blue abdomen and long orange setae on the gena. While adult flies feed on nectar, females deposit their eggs on rotting corpses, making them important forensic insects, as their eggs and timing of oviposition can be used to estimate time of death.
Like other members of the Drosophilidae, D. suzukii is small, approximately 2 to 3.5 millimetres (5 ⁄ 64 to 9 ⁄ 64 in) in length and 5 to 6.5 millimetres (13 ⁄ 64 to 1 ⁄ 4 in) in wingspan [3] and looks like its fruit and vinegar fly relatives. Its body is yellow to brown with darker bands on the abdomen and it has red eyes.
Drosophila (/ d r ə ˈ s ɒ f ɪ l ə, d r ɒ-, d r oʊ-/ [1] [2]) is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.
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