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The state space or phase space is the geometric space in which the axes are the state variables. The system state can be represented as a vector , the state vector . If the dynamical system is linear, time-invariant, and finite-dimensional, then the differential and algebraic equations may be written in matrix form.
In control theory, a state observer, state estimator, or Luenberger observer is a system that provides an estimate of the internal state of a given real system, from measurements of the input and output of the real system. It is typically computer-implemented, and provides the basis of many practical applications.
Simulink is a MATLAB-based graphical programming environment for modeling, simulating and analyzing multidomain dynamical systems. Its primary interface is a graphical block diagramming tool and a customizable set of block libraries. It offers tight integration with the rest of the MATLAB environment and can either drive MATLAB or be scripted ...
Full state feedback (FSF), or pole placement, is a method employed in feedback control system theory to place the closed-loop poles of a plant in predetermined locations in the s-plane. [1] Placing poles is desirable because the location of the poles corresponds directly to the eigenvalues of the system, which control the characteristics of the ...
A state diagram for a door that can only be opened and closed. A state diagram is used in computer science and related fields to describe the behavior of systems. State diagrams require that the system is composed of a finite number of states. Sometimes, this is indeed the case, while at other times this is a reasonable abstraction.
State diagram for a turnstile A turnstile. An example of a simple mechanism that can be modeled by a state machine is a turnstile. [4] [5] A turnstile, used to control access to subways and amusement park rides, is a gate with three rotating arms at waist height, one across the entryway.
The state-transition matrix is used to find the solution to a general state-space representation of a linear system in the following form ˙ = () + (), =, where () are the states of the system, () is the input signal, () and () are matrix functions, and is the initial condition at .
In control engineering and other areas of science and engineering, state variables are used to represent the states of a general system. The set of possible combinations of state variable values is called the state space of the system. The equations relating the current state of a system to its most recent input and past states are called the ...