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Secure by design, in software engineering, means that software products and capabilities have been designed to be foundationally secure.. Alternate security strategies, tactics and patterns are considered at the beginning of a software design, and the best are selected and enforced by the architecture, and they are used as guiding principles for developers. [1]
In 2011, the Danish National It and Telecom Agency published a discussion paper in which they argued that privacy by design is a key goal for creating digital security models, by extending the concept to "Security by Design".
Cyberbiosecurity is an emerging field at the intersection of cybersecurity and biosecurity. [1] [2] [3] The objective of cyberbiosecurity has been described as addressing "the potential for or actual malicious destruction, misuse, or exploitation of valuable information, processes, and material at the interface of the life sciences and digital worlds". [2]
The following design principles are laid out in the paper: Economy of mechanism: Keep the design as simple and small as possible. Fail-safe defaults: Base access decisions on permission rather than exclusion. Complete mediation: Every access to every object must be checked for authority. Open design: The design should not be secret.
A generalization some make from Kerckhoffs's principle is: "The fewer and simpler the secrets that one must keep to ensure system security, the easier it is to maintain system security." Bruce Schneier ties it in with a belief that all security systems must be designed to fail as gracefully as possible:
To address user security concerns, two unofficial security guides are available. Considering the Case for Security Content in CMMI for Services has one process area, Security Management. [17] Security by Design with CMMI for Development, Version 1.3 has the following process areas: OPSD – Organizational Preparedness for Secure Development
The definition has sometimes been broadened to embrace other concepts, and it is used for different purposes in different contexts. It can be defined as the "successful minimising of the risks that the biological sciences will be deliberately or accidentally misused in a way which causes harm for humans, animals, plants or the environment, including through awareness and understanding of the ...
The definition of privacy engineering given by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is: [2]. Focuses on providing guidance that can be used to decrease privacy risks, and enable organizations to make purposeful decisions about resource allocation and effective implementation of controls in information systems.