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The sphenoid bone [note 1] is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. It is situated in the middle of the skull towards the front, in front of the basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly, bat or wasp with its wings extended.
The foramen rotundum is a circular hole in the sphenoid bone of the skull. It connects the middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa . It allows for the passage of the maxillary nerve (V 2 ), a branch of the trigeminal nerve .
Bone Cranial fossa Foramina Number Vessels Nerves frontal-supraorbital foramen: 2: supraorbital artery supraorbital vein: supraorbital nerve: frontal: anterior cranial fossa: foramen cecum: 1: emissary veins to superior sagittal sinus from the upper part of the nose [3] ethmoid: anterior cranial fossa (osama) foramina of cribriform plate ~20 ...
The foramen spinosum is a small open hole in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone that gives passage to the middle meningeal artery and vein, and the meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve (sometimes it passes through the foramen ovale instead).
Foramen ovale. The foramen ovale is an opening in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. [1] The foramen ovale is one of two cranial foramina in the greater wing, the other being the foramen spinosum. [2]: 771 The foramen ovale is posterolateral to the foramen rotundum and anteromedial to the foramen spinosum.
The sphenoidal emissary foramen varies in size in different individuals, and is not always present on both sides of the sphenoid bone (one on each great wing of the sphenoid). In a study conducted under 100 skulls, the sphenoidal emissary foramen was only present in 17% of the cases, and it was always single. [3]
The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the chiasmatic groove (optic groove), above and behind which lies the optic chiasma; the groove ends on either side in the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery (with accompanying ...
It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellae; laterally by the temporal squamae, sphenoidal angles of ...