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He was born as the second son to Kublai Khan and first to Chabi Khatun. The Chinese Zen Buddhist monk Haiyun gave him the name Zhenjin ("True Gold") when he was born in 1243. [ 3 ] He was created Prince of Yan (燕王), became the head of the Central Secretariat ( Zhongshu Sheng ) by his father in 1262, [ 3 ] and was designated as the Crown ...
Kublai Khan invaded Đại Việt/Annam (now Vietnam) in a total of five separate incursions between 1257 and 1292, with major campaigns in 1258, 1285, and 1287. These three campaigns are treated by several scholars as a success due to the establishment of tributary relations with Đại Việt despite the Mongols suffering major military defeats.
He demanded from Đại Việt (now modern Vietnam) a route to Champa, which would trap the Champan army from both north and south, but it was rejected by retired emperor Trần Thánh Tông, who was the de facto ruler of Đại Việt. [1] As a result, Toghon led an an invasion of Đại Việt under orders from Kublai Khan.
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As a result, Kublai Khan began to expose his attempt to take over the southern countries like Đại Việt or Champa. It was said that facing threat from the north, in October 1282, the Retired Emperor Trần Thánh Tông and the Emperor Trần Nhân Tông gathered all members of royal family, the Trần clan and officials in royal court in ...
In 1287, Kublai Khan this time sent one of his favorite sons, Prince Toghan to lead another invasion campaign into Đại Việt with a determination to occupy and redeem the previous defeat. The Yuan Mongol and Chinese forces formed an even larger infantry, cavalry and naval fleet with the total strength estimated at 120,000 troops according ...
In 1283, Khublai Khan sent Ariq Qaya to Đại Việt with an imperial request for Đại Việt to help attack Champa through Vietnamese territory, and demands for provisions and other support for the Yuan army, but the king refused. [60] [40] In 1284, Kublai appointed his son Toghon to command an overland force to assist Sogetu. Toghon ...
^a Kiều Công Tiễn was only adopted son of Dương Đình Nghệ. [80] ^b Although being a king of the Ngô dynasty, Dương Tam Kha came from the Dương family as he is Dương Đình Nghệ's son. [5] ^c Dương Nhật Lễ was only adopted son of Prince Cung Túc, so he did not bear the family name Trần like other emperors of the ...