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Prolonged concussion is defined as having concussion symptoms for over four weeks following the first accident in youth and for weeks or months in adults. [7] A diagnosis may be made when symptoms resulting from concussion last for more than three months after the injury.
Concussion grading systems are sets of criteria used in sports medicine to determine the severity, or grade, of a concussion, the mildest form of traumatic brain injury. At least 16 such systems exist, [ 1 ] and there is little agreement among professionals about which is the best to use. [ 2 ]
Second-impact syndrome shares all the risk factors of a concussion; that is, those who are at increased risk for a concussion are also at higher risk for SIS. Thus, people who participate in sports such as boxing , Association football , American football , baseball , rugby , basketball , ice hockey , pro wrestling , horse riding , and skiing ...
A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [8] Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with balance; nausea; blurred vision; and mood changes.
When related to haemorrhage, the lucid interval occurs after the patient is knocked out by the initial concussive force of the trauma and then temporarily recovers, before lapsing into unconsciousness again when bleeding causes the haematoma to expand past the extent for which the body can compensate. [3]
A Canadian study followed 700 children in the first seven to 10 days following a head injury.
Post-concussion syndrome is believed to be able to arise for reasons aside from sustaining a (mild) traumatic brain injury. In one study, health professionals cited organic causes in general as being most responsible for the development of PCS; however, emotional and compensatory causes have also been implicated as factors. [13]
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