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  2. Ribosomal RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomal_RNA

    In the nucleolus, rRNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase I using the specialty genes that encode for it, which are found repeatedly throughout the genome. [34] The genes coding for 18S, 28S and 5.8S rRNA are located in the nucleolus organizer region and are transcribed into large precursor rRNA (pre-rRNA) molecules by RNA polymerase I.

  3. Ribosomal DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomal_DNA

    Nucleolus with pre-rRNA components called Introns and Exons. The rDNA gene cluster of eukaryotes consists of the genes for the 18S , 5.8S and 28S rRNA , separated by the two ITS-1 and ITS-2 spacers.

  4. Nucleolus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleolus

    Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions. Malfunction of the Golgi apparatus means that nucleocid is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" [3] [4] and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy. [5] [6]

  5. RNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA

    The rRNA is the component of the ribosome that hosts translation. Eukaryotic ribosomes contain four different rRNA molecules: 18S, 5.8S, 28S and 5S rRNA. Three of the rRNA molecules are synthesized in the nucleolus, and one is synthesized elsewhere. In the cytoplasm, ribosomal RNA and protein combine to form a nucleoprotein called a ribosome.

  6. Eukaryotic ribosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_ribosome

    Ribosomal proteins enter the nucleolus and combine with the four rRNA strands to create the two ribosomal subunits (one small and one large) that will make up the completed ribosome. The ribosome units leave the nucleus through the nuclear pores and unite once in the cytoplasm for the purpose of protein synthesis.

  7. Ribosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome

    Ribosomes are a kind of enzyme, called ribozymes because the catalytic peptidyl transferase activity that links amino acids together is performed by the ribosomal RNA. [5] In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are often associated with the intracellular membranes that make up the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  8. Eukaryotic transcription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription

    The transcription of rRNA genes takes place in a specialised structure of the nucleus called the nucleolus, [5] where the transcribed rRNAs are combined with proteins to form ribosomes. [ 6 ] RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is responsible for the transcription of all mRNAs, some snRNAs, siRNAs, and all miRNAs.

  9. Ribosome biogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome_biogenesis

    Ribosomes are the macromolecular machines that are responsible for mRNA translation into proteins. The eukaryotic ribosome, also called the 80S ribosome, is made up of two subunits – the large 60S subunit (which contains the 25S [in plants] or 28S [in mammals], 5.8S, and 5S rRNA and 46 ribosomal proteins) and a small 40S subunit (which contains the 18S rRNA and 33 ribosomal proteins). [6]