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Theravada Buddhism places significant emphasis on self-awareness and self-transformation. Practitioners are encouraged to explore the nature of the self , impermanence , and the nature of suffering . These teachings have inspired individuals in modern society to embark on journeys of self-discovery, self-improvement, and personal growth.
Buddhist institutions suffered terribly during these various invasions and conflicts. [12] However, in spite of the instability, this era also saw the expansion of Buddhist culture, arts and architecture. [13] By the 9th century, Buddhist monasteries were powerful institutions who owned property, land, estates, and irrigation works.
The text is addressed to a "Yogāvacara", referring to any practitioner of Buddhist meditation and hence it is a practical meditation manual. [2]The text covers Buddhist meditation material such as the ten recollections (), the brahmaviharas, the five kinds of piti (joy), the four formless realms (arūpajhāna), the nimittas, and 10 vipassanā-ñāṇas. [3]
The Theravada Abhidhamma tradition, also known as the Abhidhamma Method, refers to a scholastic systematization of the Theravāda school's understanding of the highest Buddhist teachings . These teachings are traditionally believed to have been taught by the Buddha , though modern scholars date the texts of the Abhidhamma Piṭaka to the 3rd ...
The early Buddhist texts portray the Buddha as referring to people who are at one of these four states as "noble ones" (ārya, Pāli: ariya) and the community of such persons as the noble sangha. [2] [3] [4] The teaching of the four stages of awakening was important to the early Buddhist schools and remains so in the Theravada school.
The Abhidhammattha-saṅgaha (English: The Compendium of Things contained in the Abhidhamma; Chinese: 摂阿毘達磨義論; Vietnamese: Thắng Pháp Tập yếu Luận, Vi diệu Pháp Toát yếu) is a Pali Buddhist instructional manual or compendium of the Abhidhamma of the Theravāda tradition. [1]
The Visuddhimagga is considered the most important Theravada text outside of the Tipitaka canon of scriptures, [note 1] along with the Milindapañha. [14] According to Nanamoli Bhikkhu , the Visuddhimagga is "the hub of a complete and coherent method of exegesis of the Tipitaka, using the ‘ Abhidhamma method ' as it is called.
Interest in meditation was awakened by these developments, whereas the main Buddhist practice in temples was the recitation of texts, not of meditation practice. [10] Lay participation in Theravada countries grew strongly in the 20th century, and eventually also reached the West.