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Coral snakes are a large group of elapid snakes that can be divided into two distinct groups, the Old World coral snakes and New World coral snakes. There are 27 species of Old World coral snakes, in three genera (Calliophis, Hemibungarus, and Sinomicrurus), and 83 recognized species of New World coral snakes, in two genera (Micruroides and Micrurus).
Micrurus fulvius, commonly known as the eastern coral snake, [3] common coral snake, American cobra, [4] and more, is a species of highly venomous coral snake in the family Elapidae. The family also contains the cobras and sea snakes. [5] The species is endemic to the southeastern United States. [1]
Other nonvenomous snakes resemble the Texas coral snake as a form of Batesian mimicry. In the United States only, all three species of venomous coral snakes (Micruroides euryxanthus, Micrurus fulvius, and Micrurus tener) can be identified by the red rings contacting the yellow rings. A common mnemonic device is "red and yellow, kill a fellow.
Coral snakes are the only North American snakes in the cobra family and their venom is unlike that of most other U.S. snakes.
The red-tailed coral snake has a potentially deadly neurotoxic venom, which produces a complete depolarizing muscle block. [8] Proteomics analysis of the venom components found that it contains about 60% three-finger toxins , 30% phospholipase A2 , and 10% other toxins. [ 9 ]
Micruroides is a genus of venomous coral snake in the family Elapidae. The genus is monotypic, containing only the species Micruroides euryxanthus. Micruroides euryxanthus, commonly known as the Sonoran coral snake, western coral snake or the Arizona coral snake, is endemic to northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States.
The Cape coral snake is a small elapid, which means that it is a part of a family of venomous snakes that are usually found within tropical or sub-tropical regions around the globe. It has an enlarged rostral scale, which is the scale located at the front of the snout above the mouth opening on the snake.
Sinomicrurus macclellandi, commonly known as MacClelland's coral snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to southern and eastern Asia . Etymology