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Egyptian War Chariot. Chariots were very expensive, heavy and prone to breakdowns, yet in contrast with early cavalry, chariots offered a more stable platform for archers. [citation needed] Chariots were also effective for archery because of the relatively long bows used, and even after the invention of the composite bow the length of the bow was not significantly reduced.
As mentioned above, the imagery surrounding a chariot-driving solar deity is likely Indo-European in origin and is common to both early Greek and Near Eastern religions. [46] [47] Helios is seen as both a personification of the Sun and the fundamental creative power behind it, [48] and as a result is often worshiped as a god of life and creation.
The south-pointing chariot (or carriage) was an ancient Chinese two-wheeled vehicle that carried a movable pointer to indicate the south, no matter how the chariot turned. Usually, the pointer took the form of a doll or figure with an outstretched arm. The chariot was supposedly used as a compass for navigation and may also have had other purposes.
Reconstruction of full chariot setup in the Milwaukee Public Museum, 2022. A study of Tutankhamun's chariots from 2000 found that the structure of the wheels, the spokes, the materials chosen for the sleeve bearings, the use of animal fat for lubrication and the design as a whole are remarkable, being comparable to European carts of the 19th century AD. [4]
The most notable appearance of the chariot in Greek mythology occurs when Phaëton, the son of Helios, in an attempt to drive the chariot of the sun, managed to set the earth on fire. This story led to the archaic meaning of a phaeton as one who drives a chariot or coach, especially at a reckless or dangerous speed.
The Monteleone chariot is an Etruscan chariot dated to c. 530 BC, considered one of the world's great archaeological finds. It was uncovered in 1902 in Monteleone di Spoleto , Umbria , Italy , in an underground tomb covered by a mound, and is currently a major attraction in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City .
Present-day desert in the Sahara was once agricultural land of fairly good quality that was further enhanced through the Garamantian irrigation system. As fossil water is a non-renewable resource , over several centuries of the Garamantian kingdom, the ground water level fell, [ 19 ] thereby, contributing to its end in the late 7th century AD.
A major source of income for this people was the taxation of caravans, and tributes collected from non-Bedouin settlements. They also earned income by transporting goods and people in caravans pulled by domesticated camels across the desert. [38] Scarcity of water and of permanent pastoral land required them to move constantly.