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A study on the relationship between malnutrition and other conditions in the elderly found that malnutrition in the elderly can result from gastrointestinal and endocrine system disorders, loss of taste and smell, decreased appetite and inadequate dietary intake. [224]
Malnutrition in older adults is a significant health concern, linked to increased mortality, morbidity, and physical decline, which adversely impacts daily activities and overall quality of life. This condition is common among the elderly and can also contribute to the development of geriatric syndromes. [ 166 ]
Starvation is a severe deficiency in caloric energy intake, below the level needed to maintain an organism's life. It is the most extreme form of malnutrition. In humans, prolonged starvation can cause permanent organ damage [1] and eventually, death. The term inanition [2] refers to the symptoms and effects of starvation.
Emaciation can be caused by undernutrition, malaria and cholera, tuberculosis and other infectious diseases with prolonged fever, parasitic infections, many forms of cancer and their treatments, lead poisoning, and eating disorders like anorexia nervosa.
An article about Influences on Cognitive Function in Older Adults (Neuropsychology, November 2014) states that "the nutritional status of older adults relates to their quality of life, ability to live independently, and their risk for developing costly chronic illnesses. An aging adult’s nutritional well-being can be affected by multiple ...
Cachexia and malnutrition are related but not the same. Malnutrition happens when the body doesn't get enough nutrients, leading to changes in body weight, physical strength, and mental function. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Malnutrition includes both disease-related malnutrition as well as malnutrition without disease such as seen in starvation or aging. [ 3 ]
The important behavioral aspects of AN, the drive for activity, the restricted food intake during hunger, and other physiological consequences of malnutrition, are all reproduced in this model. [84] The “activity/stress” model produces starvation-induced immunodeficiency and various complications not observed in individuals with AN. [81 ...
Once stunting has occurred, improved nutritional intake after the age of about two years is unable to reverse the damage. Severe malnutrition in early childhood often leads to defects in cognitive development. [11] It, therefore, creates a disparity a between children who did not experience severe malnutrition and those who experience it. [120]