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Deindividuation is a concept in social psychology that is generally thought of as the loss of self-awareness [1] in groups, although this is a matter of contention ...
For example, deindividuation has been found to foster group identification and to induce greater opinion polarization in small groups communicating online. [20] In order to understand effects of factors such as anonymity and reduced cues on group behavior, one needs to take the social and inter-group context into account.
In social psychology, social loafing is the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than when working alone. [1] [2] It is seen as one of the main reasons groups are sometimes less productive than the combined performance of their members working as individuals.
Social facilitation, for example, is a tendency to work harder and faster in the presence of others. Another important concept in this area is deindividuation, a reduced state of self-awareness that can be caused by feelings of anonymity. Deindividuation is associated with uninhibited and sometimes dangerous behavior.
The idea of a "group mind" or "mob behavior" was first put forward by 19th-century social psychologists Gabriel Tarde and Gustave Le Bon.Herd behavior in human societies has also been studied by Sigmund Freud and Wilfred Trotter, whose book Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War is a classic in the field of social psychology.
On March 13, 1964, 28-year-old bartender Catherine "Kitty" Genovese was stabbed, sexually assaulted, and murdered while walking home from work at 3 a.m. in Queens, New York. [38] The case is widely known for originally stimulating social psychological research into the "bystander effect".
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Figure 1. The explanatory profiles of social identity and self-categorization theories. "Social identity approach" is an umbrella term designed to show that there are two methods used by academics to describe certain complex social phenomena- namely the dynamics between groups and individuals.
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