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  2. Statutory interpretation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutory_interpretation

    Statutory interpretation is the process by which a court looks at a statute and determines what it means. A statute, which is a bill or law passed by the legislature, imposes obligations and rules on the people. Although legislature makes the Statute, it may be open to interpretation and have ambiguities.

  3. Plain meaning rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_meaning_rule

    Using a literal construction of the relevant statutory provision, the deceased was not "a person entitled to vote". This, surely, cannot have been the intention of Parliament. However, the literal rule does not take into account the consequences of a literal interpretation, only whether words have a clear meaning that makes sense within that ...

  4. Rule of lenity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_lenity

    The Florida statute states that the code "shall be strictly construed; when the language is susceptible of differing constructions, it shall be construed most favorably to the accused." [ 22 ] [ 12 ] The Ohio law states simply that offenses and penalties shall be "strictly construed against the state and liberally construed in favor of the ...

  5. Purposive approach - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purposive_approach

    The purposive approach (sometimes referred to as purposivism, [1] purposive construction, [2] purposive interpretation, [3] or the modern principle in construction) [4] is an approach to statutory and constitutional interpretation under which common law courts interpret an enactment (a statute, part of a statute, or a clause of a constitution) within the context of the law's purpose.

  6. Legislative intent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_intent

    Courts in the United States and elsewhere have developed a number of principles for handling such evidence of legislative intent. For example, many courts have suggested that the comments of those opposing a bill under consideration should be treated with skepticism on the principle that opponents of a bill may often exaggerate its practical consequences.

  7. Letter and spirit of the law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_and_spirit_of_the_law

    In contrast, the Democratic-Republicans, who favored a limited federal government, argued for the strict interpretation of the Constitution, arguing that the federal government was granted only those powers enumerated in the Constitution, and nothing not explicitly stated; they represented the "letter" interpretation.

  8. Full Faith and Credit Clause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_Faith_and_Credit_Clause

    Full faith and credit ought to be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings, of every other state; and the legislature shall, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings, shall be proved, and the effect which judgments, obtained in one state, shall have in another.

  9. Clear statement rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_statement_rule

    Statutory retroactivity has usually been disfavored and is in many instances forbidden by the Ex Post Facto Clause of the Constitution. [19] Therefore: Absent a clear statement from Congress that an amendment [to a statute] should apply retroactively, we presume that it applies only prospectively to future conduct, at least to the extent that ...