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Using an acid ratio of 30/56/14, the product mix is typically 34-36% 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 63-65% 4-nitrochlorobenzene, with only about 1% 3-nitrochlorobenzene. Since the above synthetic route does not efficiently produce the 3-isomer, the route most commonly used by chemists is the chlorination of nitrobenzene.
2-Chloro-m-cresol; 3-Chloro-4-fluorophenylpiperazine ... 1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene; 1,3-Dichloro-2-nitrobenzene ... Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
A laboratory route to 2- and 4-chlorotoluene proceeds from 2- and 4-toluidines (i.e. 2- and 4-aminotoluene). These compounds are diazotized followed by treatment with cuprous chloride. [1] Industrially, the diazonium method is reserved for 3-chlorotoluene. The industrial route to 2- and 4-chlorotoluene entails direct reaction of toluene with ...
c 6 h 5 cl + hno 3 → o 2 nc 6 h 4 cl + h 2 o This reaction affords a mixture of isomers. Using an acid ratio of 30% nitric acid, 56% sulfuric acid and 14% water, the product mix is typically 34-36% 2-nitrochlorobenzene and 63-65% 4-nitrochlorobenzene , with only about 1% 3-nitrochlorobenzene .
Nitrobenzenes are a group of nitro compounds consisting of one or more nitro groups as substituents on a benzene core. They have the formula C 6 H 6–n (NO 2) n, where n = 1–6 is the number of nitro groups.
It is made by nitrating toluene by conventional mixed acid (acetyl nitrate doesn't produce it [4]): this reaction mainly affords a 2:1 mixture of 2-nitro and 4-nitro isomers, but after removal of the 2-isomer, the 3-nitrotoluene can be purified by distillation. It is a precursor to toluidine, which is used in producing azo dyes. [3]
2-Chloronitrobenzene; 3-Chloronitrobenzene; 4-Chloronitrobenzene ... Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; ...
The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health considers 4-nitrochlorobenzene as a potential occupational carcinogen. [5] The Occupational Safety and Health Administration set a permissible exposure limit of 1 mg/m 3 The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists recommends an airborne exposure limit of 0.64 mg/m 3 over a time-weighted average of eight hours.