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Norovirus is the leading cause of gastroenteritis among adults in America accounting for about 90% of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks. [18] These localized epidemics typically occur when groups of people spend time proximate to each other, such as on cruise ships , [ 18 ] in hospitals, or in restaurants. [ 1 ]
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea. [1] It involves drinking water with modest amounts of sugar and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. [1]
The following are two of the most common ones. Acute diarrhea is one of the most common. Globally, each of the 140 million children born annually experience an average of 7-30 episodes of diarrhea in the first 5 years of life. Some of the causes are infections, lower levels of zinc or problems with some gastric cells. [5]
Most children admitted to hospital with gastroenteritis are tested for rotavirus. [95] [96] Specific diagnosis of infection with rotavirus is made by finding the virus in the child's stool by enzyme immunoassay. There are several licensed test kits on the market which are sensitive, specific and detect all serotypes of rotavirus. [97]
It is commonly recommended for people recovering from surgery, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, or other conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Such a diet is called bland because it is soothing to the digestive tract; it minimizes irritation of tissues.
Antibiotics will not be effective if the cause of gastroenteritis is a viral infection. Doctors usually do not recommend antidiarrheal medications (e.g., Loperamide) for gastroenteritis because they tend to prolong infection, especially in children. [2] Parasitic infections are difficult to treat. A number of drugs are available once the ...
The norovirus was originally named the "Norwalk agent" after Norwalk, Ohio, in the United States, where an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred among children at Bronson Elementary School in November 1968. In 1972, electron microscopy on stored human stool samples identified a virus, which was given the name "Norwalk virus".
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is a systematic approach to children's health which focuses on the whole child. [citation needed] This means focusing not only on curative care but also on prevention of disease. The approach was developed by United Nations Children's Fund and the World Health Organization in 1995. [1]
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