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  2. Kingdom (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)

    The five kingdom system may be combined with the two empire system. In the Whittaker system, Plantae included some algae. In other systems, such as Lynn Margulis's system of five kingdoms, the plants included just the land plants (Embryophyta), and Protoctista has a broader definition. [12] [page needed]

  3. Template:Full biological kingdom classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Full_biological...

    Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; ... 2 kingdoms 3 kingdoms — 4 kingdoms: 5 kingdoms: 6 kingdoms — 8 kingdoms: 6 kingdoms: 7 ...

  4. Cavalier-Smith's system of classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavalier-Smith's_system_of...

    By 1998, Cavalier-Smith had reduced the total number of kingdoms from eight to six: Animalia, Protozoa, Fungi, Plantae (including red and green algae), Chromista, and Bacteria. [44] Five of Cavalier-Smith's kingdoms are classified as eukaryotes as shown in the following scheme: Eubacteria; Neomura. Archaebacteria; Eukaryotes. Kingdom Protozoa

  5. Taxonomic rank - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomic_rank

    Cladistics is a method of classification of life forms according to the proportion of characteristics that they have in common (called synapomorphies). It is assumed that the higher the proportion of characteristics that two organisms share, the more recently they both came from a common ancestor.

  6. Linnaean taxonomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnaean_taxonomy

    Since then, various life forms have been moved into three new kingdoms: Monera, for prokaryotes (i.e., bacteria); Protista, for protozoans and most algae; and Fungi. This five-kingdom scheme is still far from the phylogenetic ideal and has largely been supplanted in modern taxonomic work by a division into three domains: Bacteria and Archaea ...

  7. Template:Biological kingdom classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Biological...

    Linnaeus 1735 [1] Haeckel 1866 [2] Chatton 1925 [3] Copeland 1938 [4] Whittaker 1969 [5] Woese et al. 1990 [6] Cavalier-Smith 1998, [7] 2015 [8] 2 kingdoms 3 kingdoms 2 empires: 4 kingdoms: 5 kingdoms

  8. Taxonomy (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)

    Partial classifications exist for many individual groups of organisms and are revised and replaced as new information becomes available; however, comprehensive, published treatments of most or all life are rarer; recent examples are that of Adl et al., 2012 and 2019, [81] [82] which covers eukaryotes only with an emphasis on protists, and ...

  9. Phylogenetic tree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetic_tree

    The idea of a tree of life arose from ancient notions of a ladder-like progression from lower into higher forms of life (such as in the Great Chain of Being).Early representations of "branching" phylogenetic trees include a "paleontological chart" showing the geological relationships among plants and animals in the book Elementary Geology, by Edward Hitchcock (first edition: 1840).