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The gauss is the unit of magnetic flux density B in the system of Gaussian units and is equal to Mx/cm 2 or g/Bi/s 2, while the oersted is the unit of H-field. One tesla (T) corresponds to 10 4 gauss, and one ampere (A) per metre corresponds to 4π × 10 −3 oersted .
Magnetic induction B (also known as magnetic flux density) has the SI unit tesla [T or Wb/m 2]. [1] One tesla is equal to 10 4 gauss. Magnetic field drops off as the inverse cube of the distance ( 1 / distance 3 ) from a dipole source. Energy required to produce laboratory magnetic fields increases with the square of magnetic field. [2]
The difference in the oscillations when the bar was magnetised and when it was demagnetised allowed Gauss to calculate an absolute value for the strength of the Earth's magnetic field. [9] The gauss, the CGS unit of magnetic flux density was named in his honour, defined as one maxwell per square centimeter; it equals 1×10 −4 tesla (the SI ...
The Earth's magnetic field strength was measured by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1832 [69] and has been repeatedly measured since then, showing a relative decay of about 10% over the last 150 years. [70] The Magsat satellite and later satellites have used 3-axis vector magnetometers to probe the 3-D structure of the Earth's magnetic field.
The magnetic field of larger magnets can be obtained by modeling them as a collection of a large number of small magnets called dipoles each having their own m. The magnetic field produced by the magnet then is the net magnetic field of these dipoles; any net force on the magnet is a result of adding up the forces on the individual dipoles.
In magnetics, the maximum energy product is an important figure-of-merit for the strength of a permanent magnet material. It is often denoted (BH) max and is typically given in units of either kJ/m 3 (kilojoules per cubic meter, in SI electromagnetism) or MGOe (mega-gauss-oersted, in gaussian electromagnetism). [1] [2] 1 MGOe is equivalent to 7 ...
The following examples are listed in the ascending order of the magnetic-field strength. 3.2 × 10 −5 T (31.869 μT) – strength of Earth's magnetic field at 0° latitude, 0° longitude; 4 × 10 −5 T (40 μT) – walking under a high-voltage power line [9] 5 × 10 −3 T (5 mT) – the strength of a typical refrigerator magnet
The definitions for monopoles are of theoretical interest, although real magnetic dipoles can be described using pole strengths. There are two possible units for monopole strength, Wb (Weber) and A m (Ampere metre). Dimensional analysis shows that magnetic charges relate by q m (Wb) = μ 0 q m (Am).
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