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In June 2008, Wales made history by becoming the first nation to be awarded Fairtrade status. [135] The pound sterling is the currency used in Wales. Numerous Welsh banks issued their own banknotes in the 19th century: the last bank to do so closed in 1908. Since then the Bank of England has had a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in Wales. [136]
Map of the Roman invasion of Wales (from History of Wales) Image 11 Statue of Owain Glyndŵr ( c. 1354 or 1359 – c. 1416 ) at Cardiff City Hall Image 12 Medieval kingdoms of Wales shown within the boundaries of the present day country of Wales and not inclusive of all (from History of Wales )
The earliest known item of human remains discovered in modern-day Wales is a Neanderthal jawbone, found at the Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site in the valley of the River Elwy in North Wales; it dates from about 230,000 years before present (BP) in the Lower Palaeolithic period, [1] and from then, there have been skeletal remains found of the Paleolithic Age man in multiple regions of Wales ...
Wales – a country that is part of the United Kingdom, [1] bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of three million and the Welsh and English languages are both official languages.
The 2021 census showed Wales' population to be 3,107,500, the highest in its history. [6] In 2011, 27 per cent (837,000) of the total population of Wales were not born in Wales, [7] [8] including 636,000 people (21 per cent of the total population of Wales) who were born in England. [9]
The mainland coastline, including Anglesey, is about 1,680 mi (2,704 km) in length. As of 2014, Wales had a population of about 3,092,000; Cardiff is the capital and largest city and is situated in the urbanised area of South East Wales. Wales has a complex geological history which has left it a largely mountainous country.
Wales was an agricultural society for most of its early history, the country's terrain meaning that pastoral farming was the primary source of its wealth. In the 18th century, the introduction of the slate and metallurgical industries at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution began to transform the country into an industrial nation.
The earliest map showing Wales as a separate country from the rest of Great Britain, Cambriae Typus by Humphrey Llwyd, is published in the first modern atlas Theatrum Orbis Terrarum [162] 1584 The first Welsh copper smelting works is established at Aberdulais [ 6 ]