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  2. Morpheme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morpheme

    A zero-morpheme is a type of morpheme that carries semantic meaning but is not represented by auditory phoneme. A word with a zero-morpheme is analyzed as having the morpheme for grammatical purposes, but the morpheme is not realized in speech. They are often represented by /∅/ within glosses. [7] Generally, such morphemes have no visible ...

  3. Phoneme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme

    By analogy with the phoneme, linguists have proposed other sorts of underlying objects, giving them names with the suffix -eme, such as morpheme and grapheme. These are sometimes called emic units . The latter term was first used by Kenneth Pike , who also generalized the concepts of emic and etic description (from phonemic and phonetic ...

  4. Underlying representation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underlying_representation

    For example, in many varieties of American English, the phoneme /t/ in a word like wet can surface either as an unreleased stop [t̚] or as a flap [ɾ], depending on environment: [wɛt] wet vs. [ˈwɛɾɚ] wetter. (In both cases, however, the underlying representation of the morpheme wet is the same: its phonemic form /wɛt/.)

  5. Morphology (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphology_(linguistics)

    Bloomfield's "lexical morpheme" hypothesis: morphemes, affixes and roots alike are stored in the lexicon. Morpheme-based morphology comes in two flavours, one Bloomfieldian [17] and one Hockettian. [18] For Bloomfield, the morpheme was the minimal form with meaning, but did not have meaning itself.

  6. Phonemic orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemic_orthography

    There are two distinct types of deviation from the phonemic ideal. In the first case, the exact one-to-one correspondence may be lost (for example, some phoneme may be represented by a digraph instead of a single letter), but the "regularity" is retained: there is still an algorithm (but a more complex one) for predicting the spelling from the pronunciation and vice versa.

  7. Phonogram (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonogram_(linguistics)

    A phonogram is a grapheme i.e. one or more written characters which represent a phoneme (speech sound), [1] rather than a bigger linguistic unit such as morphemes or words. [2] For example, "igh" is an English-language phonogram that represents the / aɪ / sound in "high".

  8. Morphophonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphophonology

    The isolation form of a morpheme is the form in which that morpheme appears in isolation (when it is not subject to the effects of any other morpheme). In the case of a bound morpheme, such as the English past tense ending "-ed", it is generally not possible to identify an isolation form since such a morpheme does not occur in isolation.

  9. Phone (phonetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phone_(phonetics)

    In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound or gesture, regardless of whether the exact sound is critical to the meanings of words.. In contrast, a phoneme is a speech sound in a given language that, if swapped with another phoneme, could change one word to another.