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Lack of sleep, salty food, age, and genetics can cause puffy eyes. Here, dermatologists share causes, risk factors, treatment, and prevention for eye swelling.
Eye bags – minor periorbital puffiness usually detectable below the eyes only. Periorbital edema. Periorbital puffiness, also known as puffy eyes, or swelling around the eyes, is the appearance of swelling in the tissues around the eyes, called the orbits. It is almost exclusively caused by fluid buildup around the eyes, or periorbital edema.
Watery eyes – due to excessive tearing. [7] Red eyes – due to dilated blood vessels on the sclera. [7] Swollen eyelids – due to inflammation. [7] Crusting at the eyelid margins/base of the eyelashes/medial canthus, generally worse on waking – due to excessive bacterial buildup along the lid margins. [4] [5] [7]
There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
Keratic precipitates are another eye manifestation (detectable by a slit lamp, but are usually too small to be seen by the unaided eye). [16] [30] Kawasaki disease also presents with a set of mouth symptoms, the most characteristic of which are a red tongue, swollen lips with vertical cracking, and bleeding. [31]
Adenovirus infection can also cause adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis. [5] Typically one eye is affected after an incubation period of up to a week. [5] The eye becomes itchy, painful, burning and reddish and lymphadenopathy may be felt by the ear nearest the affected eye. [5] The symptoms may last around 10 days to three weeks. [5]
Chapped lips (also known as cheilitis simplex [5] or common cheilitis) [6] is characterized by the cracking, fissuring, and peeling of the skin of the lips, and is one of the most common types of cheilitis. [5] [7] While both lips may be affected, the lower lip is the most common site. [7]
The enlargement can cause midline fissuring of the lip ("median cheilitis") or angular cheilitis (sores at the corner of the mouth). The swelling is non-pitting (c.f. pitting edema) and feels soft or rubbery on palpation. The mucous membrane of the lip may be erythematous (red) and granular. [2] One or both lips may be affected. [3]
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