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The Civil War in the American West. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991. ISBN 0-394-56482-0. Kerby, Robert Lee, The Confederate Invasion of New Mexico and Arizona, Westernlore Press, 1958. ISBN 0-87026-055-3; Masich, Andrew E. The Civil War in Arizona; the Story of the California Volunteers, 1861–65. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2006.
The New Mexico campaign was a military operation of the trans-Mississippi theater of the American Civil War from February to April 1862 in which Confederate Brigadier General Henry Hopkins Sibley invaded the northern New Mexico Territory in an attempt to gain control of the Southwest, including the gold fields of Colorado and the ports of California.
Full administrative control of New Mexico was established on February 2, 1848 with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which ended the Mexican–American War. The Mexican–American War , American Civil War , and Plains Indian Wars all directly affected the region during westward expansion.
Scene of the old battleground of Valverde, on the Rio Grande, as it looked in 1885 Soldier's sketch of the Battle of Valverde. Confederate brigadier general Henry Hopkins Sibley envisioned invading New Mexico with his army, defeating Union forces, capturing the capital city of Santa Fe, and then marching westward to conquer California for the Confederacy.
The Battle of Glorieta Pass was fought March 26–28, 1862 in the northern New Mexico Territory, by Union and Confederate forces during the American Civil War.While not the largest battle of the New Mexico campaign, the Battle of Glorieta Pass ended the Confederacy's efforts to capture the territory and other parts of the western United States.
1st Regiment New Mexico Volunteer Cavalry (org from 1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th Reg'ts of New Mexico Vol. Inf., May, 1862 - September 30, 1866) 1st Battalion New Mexico Cavalry and Infantry (org from 1st Reg't Cav August 31, 1866 - November 23, 1867) [ 4 ]
In August 1861, Ceran St. Vrain and Kit Carson organized the 1st New Mexico Volunteer Infantry Regiment. This regiment fought at the battle of Valverde.On March 31, 1862, the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 5th New Mexico Infantry Regiments were consolidated to form the 1st New Mexico Volunteer Cavalry Regiment with Kit Carson as colonel. [1]
The First Battle of Mesilla was fought on July 25, 1861, at Mesilla in New Mexico Territory, in present-day Doña Ana County, New Mexico. It was an engagement between Confederate and Union forces during the American Civil War.