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The effects of climate change on human health can be grouped into direct and indirect effects. [9]: 1867 Extreme weather, including increased storms, floods, droughts, heat waves and wildfires can directly cause injury, illness, or death. [3]
The human body always works to remain in homeostasis. One form of homeostasis is thermoregulation. Body temperature varies in every individual, but the average internal temperature is 37.0 °C (98.6 °F). [1] Sufficient stress from extreme external temperature may cause injury or death if it exceeds the ability of the body to thermoregulate.
Humidity affects thermoregulation by limiting sweat evaporation and thus heat loss. [6] Humans cannot survive prolonged exposure to a wet-bulb temperature above 35 °C (95 °F). Such a temperature used to be thought not to occur on Earth's surface but has been recorded in some parts of the Indus Valley and Persian Gulf.
A 2022 Outside article on heat stroke cites the highest known body temperature that a human was able to survive: “The highest body temperature measured was only 17 degrees above normal. Willie ...
The capacity to regulate body temperature may also have to do with brain chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine, which are generally lower in the brains of people with these disorders, experts said.
Extreme weather events affect public health, and food and water security. [239] [240] [241] Temperature extremes lead to increased illness and death. [239] [240] Climate change increases the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. [240] [241] It can affect transmission of infectious diseases, such as dengue fever and malaria.
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Though individuals who already had mental ill health, especially psychosis, can need intensive care, which can be challenging to deliver if local mental health services were disrupted by the extreme weather. [1] [14] [19] Physical health can be severely impacted by climate change (see also effects of climate change on human health). The ...