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The Apostolic Fathers, also known as the Ante-Nicene Fathers, were core Christian theologians among the Church Fathers who lived in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD who are believed to have personally known some of the Twelve Apostles or to have been significantly influenced by them. [1]
Important Apostolic Fathers of the second century include Pope Clement I (died 99), Ignatius of Antioch (c. 35 – c. 110), and Polycarp of Smyrna (c. 69 – c. 155). In addition, the Shepherd of Hermas is usually placed among the writings of the Apostolic Fathers although its author is unknown. [90]
The earliest Church Fathers, within two generations of the Twelve Apostles of Christ, are usually called Apostolic Fathers for reportedly knowing and studying under the apostles personally. Important Apostolic Fathers include Clement of Rome (d. AD 99), [210] Ignatius of Antioch (d. AD 98 to 117) and Polycarp of Smyrna (AD 69–155). The ...
(1947) The Apostolic Fathers.Translated by Francis X. Glimm, Gerald G. Walsh, and Joseph M.-F. Marique. Includes the First Epistle of St. Clement, the so-called Second Epistle of St. Clement, the seven epistles of St. Ignatius of Antioch, the Epistle of St. Polycarp, the Martyrdom of St. Polycarp, the Didache, the Epistle of Barnabas, the Shepherd of Hermas, the Epistle to Diognetus, and the ...
Ignatius, bishop of Antioch, apostolic father 68~107; Marcion of Sinope, evangelist and theologian, founder of Marcionism, published the first known canon of the New Testament, [1] 85~160; Clement of Rome, bishop of Rome, apostolic father 88~101; Papias, bishop of Hierapolis, apostolic father 110~130
It includes both the Eastern Fathers and those Western authors who wrote before Latin became predominant in the Western Church in the 3rd century, e.g. the early writings collectively known as the Apostolic Fathers, such as the First and Second Epistle of Clement, the Shepherd of Hermas, Eusebius, Origen, and the Cappadocian Fathers Basil the ...
There are also non-canonical epistles (or "letters") between individuals or to Christians in general. Some of them were regarded very highly by the early church. Those marked with a lozenge (♦) are included in the collection known as the Apostolic Fathers: Epistle of Barnabas ♦; First Epistle of Clement ♦; Second Epistle of Clement ♦
Ignatius also likens his movement towards Rome to a victory march from battle. The various metaphors Ignatius uses glorify martyrdom. Overall, his rumination on martyrdom reflects the countercultural attitudes of Christianity during this post-apostolic era. Also, it is important in how it differs from Ignatius’ other six epistles.