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The standard for the name "mushroom" is the cultivated white button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus; hence, the word "mushroom" is most often applied to those fungi (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes) that have a stem , a cap , and gills (lamellae, sing. lamella) on the underside of the cap.
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. [1] Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection.
Italian brown mushroom; cremini (also crimini) mushroom [13] [14] chestnut mushroom (not to be confused with Pholiota adiposa) baby bella [13] When marketed in its mature state, the mushroom is brown with a cap measuring 10–15 cm (4–6 in). [14] This form is commonly sold under the names portobello, [14] [15] portabella, [16] or portobella ...
The binomial name often reflects limited knowledge or hearsay about a species at the time it was named. For instance Pan troglodytes, the chimpanzee, and Troglodytes troglodytes, the wren, are not necessarily cave-dwellers. Sometimes a genus name or specific descriptor is simply the Latin or Greek name for the animal (e.g. Canis is Latin for ...
Terms in common with other fields, if repeated here, generally focus on their mycology-specific meaning. Related terms can be found in glossary of biology and glossary of botany , among others. List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names and Botanical Latin may also be relevant, although some prefixes and suffixes very ...
In Japanese, the mushroom is known as enoki-take or enoki-dake, both meaning "hackberry mushroom". This is because it is often found growing at the base of hackberry (enoki) trees. In Mandarin Chinese, the mushroom is called jīnzhēngū (金針菇 "gold needle mushroom") or jīngū (金 菇 "gold mushroom").
Experts say the Amanita muscaria, a red and white psychoactive mushroom, earned its place in holiday decor through some surprising origins. (Photo: Getty Creative) (bbbrrn via Getty Images)
Both the Latin genus name Hericium and the species name erinaceus mean 'hedgehog' in Latin.This is also reflected by the German name, Igel-Stachelbart (literally, 'hedgehog-goatee'), and some of its common English names, such as bearded hedgehog and hedgehog mushroom. [3]